Wednesday, 17 July 2013

Camphor and Rivanol (Ethacridine Lactate) - An interesting reaction


Camphor and Rivanol (Ethacridine Lactate) - An interesting reaction



Two days ago, while trying to clean a pimple with an antiseptic camphor solution, I accidentally used ethacridine lactate (Rivanol) instead. After realizing this, instead of first cleaning the rivanol stain and then applying the camphor, I directly cleaned it with camphor using a cotton pad. Suddenly a new white layer formed at the contact surface between the two layers of substance. The occurrence of a chemical reaction was obvious, and after repeating the experiment in lab conditions, I tried to understand the formation of this new product.


Camphor structure


Rivanol structure
 READ ALL THIS AT
http://dailychem.blogspot.in/2011/11/camphor-and-rivanol-ethacridine-lactate.html

Quindine catalyzed synthesis of spirooxindoles through sequential Michael-Henry reactions.

Abstract Image
A novel organocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of highly substituted spirocyclopentaneoxindoles was developed employing simple nitrostyrenes and 3-substituted oxindoles as starting materials. Michael–Henry cascade reactions, enabled through cinchona alkaloid organocatalysis, provided products in high yield and excellent enantioselectivity in a single step.

Spirooxindoles in one step


If you just leaf through an organic chemistry journal, from JOC to Organic Letters, from EJOC to OBC, there is a huge number of papers describing synthesis of oxindoles! Indeed, the interest in the oxindoles scaffold rapidly increased in the last years and several methodologies have been published for the asymmetric synthesis of 3,3’-disubstituted oxindoles.
Cascade organacatalysis is a powerful tool for the for the asymmetric synthesis of very complex structures containing several stereogenic centers and oxindoles are optimal templates for the applications of these wonderful catalytic methodologies. For example, prof. Paolo Melchiorre, one the most expert in the organocatalysis field, published several works in the application of organocascade catalysis for the synthesis of quaternary oxindoles.
In this communication, Carlos Barbas, another pioneer of organocatalysis, reported a quindine-catalyzed synthesis of spirooxindoles through sequential Michael-Henry reactions.
They first performed a preliminary methodological study aimed at finding the most efficient catalyst, which turned out to be quindine derivative depicted below.
Subsequently the scope of the reaction has been expanded, by employing a wide range of substituted oxindoles, as well as different nitrostyrens. Performing the reaction at 0°C in CH2Cl2 as solvent in presence of quinidine derivative 1 permitted the isolation of the products in very high yield and optimal enantiomeric excess and diastereoisomeric ratio.
It is noteworthy to mention that this simple methodology permits the straightforward construction of the spirooxindole moiety containing four stereogenic centers,, with full control of the stereochemical outcome. This is another demonstration of the powerful of organocatalysis. 
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ol300441z

Assembly of Spirooxindole Derivatives Containing Four Consecutive Stereocenters via Organocatalytic Michael–Henry Cascade Reactions

The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
Org. Lett.201214 (7), pp 1834–1837
DOI: 10.1021/ol300441

Tuesday, 16 July 2013

Efficient Odorant Synthesis

Efficient Odorant Synthesis
Efficient Odorant Synthesis

2-Nonen-4-olide occurs naturally in the volatile components of various foods and plant extracts, such as stewed beef/vegetable gravy,  sunflower oil,  Chinese white salted noodles watermelon, potato crisps,  lard cured with spices and aromatic herbs,  mushrooms, French fries, and flue-cured tobacco. It has an oily, coconut-like, and rancid odour. A simple, efficient and low cost synthesis of this odorant is reported in the August issue of Journal of Chemical Research.